The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie Essays

The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie Essays The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie Paper The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie Paper The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie BY prs95 Form is indistinguishable from content in a work of writing. How do the conventional characteristics of stories shape the perusers experience of their substance? German thinker, Immanuel Kant, has bolstered the announcement Form is indivisible from content in a work of writing. He emphatically accepted that Form without content is unfilled; content without structure is visually impaired. l (page 157) It can be contended that the conventional characteristics in writing are a key viewpoint in adding to the perusers by and large experience. E. M Forster has proposed that the conventional structure of an ovel should involve a start, center and an end. 2 In Muriel Sparks tale The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, the writer has tested this customary configuration through showing occasions in an anachronical structure and through the incorporation of a general omniscient storyteller, which has brought about a development of anticipation, fortified the books topical lavishness and empowered the peruser to perceive the improvement of characters all through. Reflecting upon Forsters conviction, I would need to differ with this and feel that Sparks structure has effectively improved the perusers energy about the novel all in all. On general standing, it appears to be obvious to me that the type of writing is a device utilized by writers so as to show the substance inside the novel in a specific manner. This will bring about the peruser deciphering the content with a certain goal in mind, driven by the essayist. This reflects Kants conclusion when concentrating on the separation of structure with content. In any novel, and in each part of life, time is of foremost significance. In Sparks tale, this aspect is controlled in such an approach to be new to the peruser, yet as yet giving structure. In spite of foretelling occasions of the story, the peruser has become interested to discover the reasons with respect to why ertain occasions happen. Time as a general idea, can be utilized by scholars to underline occasions and paying little mind to the flexibility of time as an auxiliary point, linearity can't be annihilated totally it on a very basic level goes about as a basic base for a novel. Toward the beginning of the novel, it is promptly obvious to the peruser that the example of time isn't in a sequential request, as Spark has incorporated various checks of analepsis and prolepsis. This has stubbornly attracted the peruser to an issue of time, and it is evident Spark has expressly made this a key point of convergence for the peruser. At he first prologue to the Brodie Set, we are educated that the young ladies are fourth-structure (page 5). Following this, there is a flashback to when the young ladies were age twelve, and afterward a scene of the young ladies at sixteen years old. The singularity of the young ladies is confined when the peruser is told, The five young ladies, standing near one another in light of the young men, wore their caps each with an unmistakable contrast. (Page 5) Despite sharing the shared characteristic of being a piece of The Brodie Set, their disparities are featured with a blaze forward to how the young ladies are seen as people later on. Sparkle has deliberately referenced in the main part that Mary Mcgreggor lost her life in a lodging fire (page 14). This key snippet of data has implied this occasion, which has at last made a feeling of pressure, and regardless of knowing the destiny of Mary, the peruser nearly feels obliged to keep perusing. This early prescience one has of Marys destiny, influences how the peruser sees her all through the rest of affecting our perusing, however expectation of the occasion isn't solid. (140)3 Looking at this statement, I have just demonstrated a manner by which the method of prolepsis can have solid effect on the peruser, anyway Bridgemans radical explanation suggesting that the perusers expectation is negligible because of the minor information on what occurs, I would need to oppose this idea. By essentially knowing key occasions about the substance of a novel, the peruser starts to effectively consider the conditions encompassing such occasions, at last making a solid feeling of expectation. Proceeding from Bridgemans see, John Holloway feels that The reality remains that the structure of this account is to a great extent a matter of the consistent activity of composing a next occasion to nullify a xisting forward. 4 (Page 591) He has applied this announcement with direct connection to Sparks epic. One may state that this view is excessively shortsighted as it just spotlights on the outside of the essential structure. The account has foreshadowed a large number of the occasions that follow, anyway the setting of these occasions stays indistinct until the story has advanced. There is consistent development inside the story, as subjects and characters create. Furthermore to Sparks reliable utilization of prolepsis and analepsis, the type of account utilized has likewise influenced the perusers experience of this novel. The fundamental vents of the novel are told through the nearness of an omniscient storyteller. This has empowered the perusers comprehension of the fundamental topics of the novel (Miss Brodies Prime and its impact on her understudies) to be developed. It has made a solid feeling of viewpoint for the peruser, and permitted the person in question to frame a sentiment that isn't based straightforwardly from one of the characters perspective, which is regularly one-sided or inconsistent. John Morreal has reprimanded the omniscient storyteller, and has stated, Omniscience couldn't give a channel to a story in the manner that the constrained information on an inner storyteller does. 5 (Page 432) I trust Sparks epic for instance, nullifies this case completely. The style of account utilized, uncovers information using prolepsis and analepsis in such a manner just to educate the peruser regarding brief, yet indispensable occasions. Concerning The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, if Spark had rather utilized an interior storyteller, the substance of the novel would not have been conveyed as successfully as it has finished with the omniscient storyteller, and it would conceivably come up short on its uniqueness. By and large, this has helped shape the perusers comprehension and experience. The effect of an omniscient storyteller can be pplied to different writings, for example, Henry James The Turn of the Screw. For this situation, the omniscient storyteller has been remembered for request to acquaint a feeling of vulnerability with the peruser, as the account structure at first appears to need believability and dependability. It has introduced a viewpoint that not just connects to the vulnerability experienced by the tutor herself, yet additionally to impact the result the peruser detracts from the story. This can subsequently attract a resemblance to the story structure Sparks epic it has been utilized so as to legitimately affect the peruser. Besides, an essential capacity f an account is to recount to a story and make a state of mind, which is accomplished in this novel through different language procedures, including discourse. The utilization of direct discourse has permitted the peruser to increase an understanding of characters themselves. Miss Brodie says Give me a young lady at a susceptible age, and she is dig forever. This announcement, direct from Brodie herself, outlines her manipulative character and her craving to state control on powerless individuals. The force this has of being immediate discourse character. It in this way adds a feeling of honesty to what the peruser is told. The ood all through differs with occurrences of funniness, reality and a feeling of pity (towards the casualties of Brodies control). This consistent change in tone makes blended feelings yet keeps the peruser engaged and centered. The peruser encounters various feelings while framing an impact on Jean Brodie. The utilization of discourse further makes a feeling of separation between the peruser and Miss Brodie as her character turns out to be increasingly ugly, anyway the perusers sympathy develops for the individual individuals from the Brodie Set as the cruel impacts Brodie has, begin to get obvious. Pundit Peter Robert Brown has expressed that; Readers are urged to recognize their interest in exploitation in the real world and to ponder the job that story plays simultaneously and Justification of exploitation. 6 (229) This recommendation suggests that the perusers encounters all through the novel are to some degree dependent on their very own encounters, and a feeling of thankfulness can be shaped dependent on this. At long last, a significant part of structure, particularly regarding Sparks epic, is the reiteration, which stresses the principle topics, essentially driving the peruser to having a more notew orthy ense of the message Spark has intended to pass on. The word prime is referenced over and over through the course of the novel. Notwithstanding being in the title, and referenced all through, the word is even said in the end sentence of the novel. There was a Miss Jean Brodie in her prime. This is a definite redundancy of what Sandy had said before on in the novel (page 35). This end sentence effectively emphasizes the subject of ones Prime, and leaves an enduring impact on the peruser, permitting him to reflect and make their own sentiment on what precisely ones prime is, and how Brodies prime influenced the young ladies. Proceeding from the effect reiteration has, it nearly reflects the dullness of time itself. This equal causes to notice the non-direct structure of time, and features its uniqueness. Taking everything into account, the essential structure of time and disentangling of occasions has been controlled an away from of the control the young ladies experience as an outcome of Miss Brodies activities. The proper characteristics utilized by Spark stretch out further to the account method and perspectives, for example, discourse. Glancing back at what Forster proposed, Sparks inventive structure has demonstrated fruitful and has esulted in decidedly affecting the perusers experience of the novel. It has featured fundamental topics, fortified thoughts and empowered the peruser to perceive the improvement in characters. With respect to the explanation that Form is insepar

Resources of Agency and Competition Law †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Resources of Agency and Competition Law. Answer: Presentation The case was identified with ANZs wish that Mortgage discounts consent to restrain the discount sum for the clients in regard of organizing ANZ home credits. Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited is giving the home loan advances to clients through web and outside channels. Home loan discounts are an autonomous firm which is occupied with the dissemination of home loans of ANZ. Home loan discounts are offering discount to clients from some piece of its bonus if its home loans are affirmed by ANZ (MacCallum, 2016). The ACCCs guarantee was that ANZ is giving credit game plan offices to its clients inside. ACCC had battled two instances of fixing of costs. One was against Fight focus and other was against ANZ. For the situation identified with Fight focus, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission claimed that Fight place went into contract with three carriers to keep up the costs for air travel. This report portrays in detail the realities of the case, the obligations penetrated by ANZ, the choice of Full Federal court and the purposes for the choice. ACCCs fundamental point is to keep away from hostile to rivalry understandings. According to ACCCs claim, ANZ was enjoying the value fixing. ACCC asserted that Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited settled on an understanding that it is going to just permit Mortgage Refunds to offer Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited home loan items if the Mortgage discounts concurred on the terms and states of Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited. The terms and conditions incorporate that Mortgage discounts was required to confine the measure of discount to its clients to $600 for the course of action of credit administrations and it will permit Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited branches to coordinate the arrangement in the event that they decided to defer the Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limiteds advance foundation charge (Adams, 2016). According to ACCC, Mortgage discounts and Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited were rivals in the market for the arrangement of administrations identified with advance arrangements. Full Federal Courts choice The courts choice was agreeable to Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited .The Full court of the Federal court of Australia excused the value fixing request made by the Australian serious and purchaser commission. The Full court excused Australian Competitive and Consumer commissions claim against the Australian and New Zealand Banking Group Limited for breaking the arrangements of value fixing under Competition and Consumer act, 2010 (ACL, 2015). The court has given the choice that ANZ didn't finish with Mortgage discounts and other autonomous home loan agents. The full court additionally saw that The opposition can be workable for the inner and outer dispersion channels. The court likewise requested that ACCCs need is to maintain a strategic distance from hostile to serious practices and understandings on the grounds that obstructing rivalry harms the organizations and customers and this is destructive for the whole economy. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commissi on claimed against the choice given by the Federal court. According to the examination of Australian Competition and Consumer Commission, ANZ penetrated the obligation of care, ill-advised utilization of data and the obligation to act with steadiness under the partnership law by fixing the costs. Along these lines, ANZ penetrated two laws, one was company law and the other was Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Journals talk, 2016). ACCC was effective in its allure against battle focus however was fruitless in the intrigue against ANZ. The ACCC asserted that ANZ is at risk at fixing of costs under segment 45 of Trade Practices act, 1974 now it is Competition and Consumer act, 2010. The court held that value fixing applied to contracts between contenders. The ANZ and Mortgage discounts were not contenders so there were zero odds of value fixing between them. The court likewise expressed that area 45A was not relevant on this case. Since this area says rivalry may happen between two g atherings with pertinent courses of action. Area 45A applies when two gatherings are having significant plans with two benefit habitats and there will be two separate elements of both the gatherings. These conditions are not fulfilled for this situation (Yuile, 2017). Along these lines, ANZ isn't at risk under segment 45A. The choice of the court was clear after Justice Dowsetts says that between the credit game plan administrations of ANZ and Mortgage discounts, there was no serious cover. Response of ACCC against the judgment ACCC was not happy with the judgment given by the full government court. ACCC responded against the judgment given by the full government court. As per ACCC, there was no issue with solid rivalry in light of the fact that sound rivalry cuts costs down, brings about development and better quality administrations to the clients. This sort of rivalry prompts different kinds of focal points to clients. Yet, the opposition that was for this situation brings about components that hurt the interests of shoppers. As indicated by ACCC, for this situation, both Mortgage discounts and ANZ were managing in credit administrations. Along these lines, it was the verification at the fixing of costs. The significant purpose for government courts ruling for ANZ was the absence of proof with ACCC (Akman and Sokol, 2017). ANZ didn't show any proof with all due respect in light of the fact that ANZ knew about the way that the case was not solid from the side of ACCC on the grounds that ACCC was putting c laim without proof. According to the guidelines and guidelines of court, a case without proof was considered as unimportant. It was unimaginable for ACCC to demonstrate that ANZ penetrated the obligations under Competition and Consumer act, 2010. ACCC contended that the fixing of costs among Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited and Mortgage discounts occurred in light of the fact that ANZ and Mortgage discounts are rivals in the market for giving credit game plan administrations (Varney, 2016). Yet, the court found that Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited and Mortgage discounts were not the contenders for the advance plan administrations arrangements in the market. Thus, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited was not held at risk at any cost fixing understanding. ACCC claimed that Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited was rivaling different dealers in the market. The court again excused this charge of ACCC by expressing that ANZ was not engaged with the advertising of any credit administrations against the representatives. The court discovered Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited guiltless in both the charges made by Australian Competition and Consumer Commission. In this w ay, these were the explanations for the court choice preferring Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (McHugh and Foster, 2016). The body of evidence against Fight focus was likewise identified with fixing of costs. The Federal court ruled against the Fight community on the grounds that as per the full government court, the battle place was in rivalry with different aircrafts for booking administrations. In this way, there were chances that Fight place was occupied with value fixing. The explanation for the judgment of full government court against ACCC for this situation was that the court found that ANZ was not in rivalry with the Mortgage discounts. Thus, without having rivalry in the market, the odds of fixing of cost don't emerge. The explanation for the positive result of Fight focus case was that ACCC was certain about the achievement due to legitimate confirmations around then (Oliver and Schoff, 2017). In Fight focus case, ACCC was trusting courts judgment in supp ort of its yet for this situation, ACCC was dubious about the great choice of the court. Obligations penetrated by ANZ This is the situation of value fixing. In value fixing, the contenders concur on an equivalent cost as opposed to rivaling one another. The obligations penetrated by Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited incorporate obligation not to utilize the data in ill-advised way, obligation identified with great confidence and obligation of care. The purpose for the foundation of Australian Competition and Consumer Commission is to offer insurance to the interests of customers (Le Roy, et al., 2017). For this situation, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited penetrated three obligations which influence the shoppers toward the end. The main obligation penetrated in light of fixing of costs is obligation not to utilize data in ill-advised way, Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited utilized the market data for unlawful reason and fixed the costs by appropriately understanding the customer inclinations. The second penetrated obligation is obligation identified with gre at confidence. Each industry which is working in the market is required to direct its business with appropriate guidelines and guideline, genuineness and without hurting the premiums of buyers. Value fixing is against of every one of these standards. The last obligation that was penetrated by Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited is obligation of care. Clients are the fundamental thought process of each business (Stellios and Richman, 2016). Clients ought to be pulled in with obligation of care. This obligation is joined with the business from the day of set-up of the business. Each association is required to deal with the clients with care. By fixing of costs, ANZ penetrated this obligation since fixing of costs at last outcomes in the misfortune to clients. Effect of courts choice on the working of organizations in Australia Value fixing by one organization influences the purchasers and different organizations working in a similar market. For instance: if customer merchandise are moved by cargo and on the off chance that there is fixing of cost of cargo, at that point it brings about influencing the entire chain of gracefully and expands the costs of products. Along these lines value fixing influences the market and the organizations working in the market all in all. Value fixing is illicit under the Competition and Consumer act, 2010 in Australia (Petrucci, 2017). This choice affected the othe

University Versus College Degrees

University Versus College Degrees The OE Blog As students across the country prepare to make decisions about which UK University to apply to, the government’s plans for higher education remain in a shambles. With tuition fees at the top level of £9000 set to be charged by the vast majority of top UK Universities, it has now been suggested that cheaper places will be available for degree courses at community and sixth form colleges. Will these courses, often vocational and specifically designed to lead immediately into employment upon graduation, provide much better value for money, or will they be seen as a poorer quality alternative, less respected as a qualification in the world of work? Is College better value? This week the BBC interviewed staff and students at Bradford College, where a wide variety of courses are available at a cost of £6700 per year, compared to the £8500 tuition fees at Leeds Metropolitan University (the institution that validates the College’s degrees). Compared to the University, Bradford College offers a much greater number of specifically vocational courses, from hairdressing and beauty therapy to ophthalmic dispensing, catering and hospitality. Degree student Simon Hinken claimed his college provided much better value for money than university, and pointed out that “you get a lot more contact time” due to smaller class sizes and student numbers. Certainly many would argue that in this age of enormous tuition fees and huge graduate debts, to take a course that might lead immediately into employment, at a cost that will leave you with less debt to pay off, is by far the cleverest option for today’s students. A two-tier education system? But those in opposition to the government’s higher education scheme have claimed that this provision of cheaper degrees at less respected institutions risks causing a return to the old class-based university system, where the rich paid for impressive degrees from the best universities whilst the poor had to put up with polytechnic education and were then punished for it when their degree had less ‘value’ in the job marketplace. If the degrees provided by colleges were held in lower esteem than university qualifications by employers, then this certainly might become a huge social problem. Is higher education worth it at all? In the meantime, many high-profile business leaders such as Jill McDonald, UK boss of burger chain McDonald’s, are urging businesses to look beyond traditional graduate recruitment. She believes that school leavers should be brave about going straight into employment without gaining a degree first at all. McDonald argues that over half of the McDonald’s executive team started out working in one of their restaurants, and suggests that an expensive degree is not necessary to go far in the world of employment. She told the Institute of Directors Annual Conference: “we need to acknowledge the road many young people take today may not be the one we took in the past”. Whats the answer? So, amidst the chaos of tuition fees, grants, bursaries, universities and colleges, what on earth is the answer? Is it best to go all out for a top university degree, regardless of the £40,000 price tag, on the basis that the impressive qualification will guarantee you much higher earning power in the long run? Is it better to plump for a cheaper qualification from a less well-known college in the hope that having a more vocational degree will still get you into a good job, but without the same level of debt? Or is the answer simply to eschew further education altogether and jump straight into the world of work three years and several thousand pounds ahead of your university-attending counterparts? At this stage, the only thing that’s certain is that this generation of teenagers has far more difficult and complex decisions to make about its future than ever before.

Struggles and Setbacks of Developing Democracies in Latin...

The concept of patrimonialism in Latin American countries is a subject that has been studied and researched by some of the world’s most renowned sociologists and political scientists. In this literature review I will use the information gathered from several of these researchers and combine their theories and ideologies in an attempt to understand why many Latin American countries such as Mexico, Argentina, Venezuela, and Bolivia have continued to remain oppressed throughout history and stand on a slippery slope towards democratic reform of their national governments. The impeded development of democracy in these countries is much derived from Spanish empirical forms, reigning from the colonial era in which Spanish conquistadores†¦show more content†¦Evaluating progress from an economic standpoint In order to successfully evaluate the transition of an authoritarian regime towards a more democratic form of government, we would not only look at the implications of power and rule of government policy, but as well the economic values of these authoritarian states, in doing this we could find that the abuse of government resources and funding are extremely detrimental to the democratic progress, in which the question could be asked, what are some of the main economic mechanisms causing the deprivation of economic growth in these authoritarian states? The suboptimal economic growth in Latin America suggests that even after open-market policies have been implemented; Latin Americas share in world output has remained stagnant at roughly 6% since the 1970’s. Some experts have suggested that corruption, excessive debt, political instability, low investment in human capital, and emigration account for low levels of economic prosperity in Latin America (Lizardo, R. Mollack, A. V. 2009). The findings of this study would lead us to believe that these detrimental governmental actions would appeal to the school of thought aforementioned, in where the leader of a state is placing his priorities above those of the citizens of the state. The states control over economic earnings, and over-abusive consumption contributes to the negative growth economically, of these states,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Motivations and Causes of Terrorism3275 Words   |  14 PagesMotivations and Causes of Terrorism Despite the end of the Cold War and the faltering beginnings of a peace process in the Middle East, terrorism still remains a serious threat in many countries, not surprisingly, given that the underlying causes of the bitter ethnic and religious struggles which spawn terrorism pre-dated the Cold War, and most of these conflicts remain unresolved. While the former Soviet Union sponsored terrorism on an opportunistic basis, the idea that all internationalRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Read MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 Pageseconomies. Most countries and regions around the world are inextricably linked, yet profound differences in institutional and cultural environments persist. The challenges for international management reflect this dynamism and the increasing unpredictability of global economic and political events. Continued growth of the emerging markets is reshaping the global balance of economic power. Many emerging markets continued to experience growth during a period in which developed countries saw their economiesRead MoreCritical Analysis of New Indian Economic Policy5290 Words   |  22 Pagesof India as per the GDP is the eleventh largest economy in the world and by purchasing power parity the fourth largest. Following strong economic reforms from the socialist inspired economy of Indian nation before the time of independence, the country began to develop a fast-paced economic growth, as free market principles were initiated in 1990 for international competition and foreign investment. India is an emerging economic power with a very large amount resources both natural and human resourceRead MoreIndividual Privacy vs National Security5833 Words   |  24 Pagesprocreation, marriage, and termination of medical treatment. Polls show most Americans support this broader reading of the Constitution, (Linder 2012b). Looking forward under this decision, each citizen relies on its government to maintain a fair level of protection and security as well as maintaining a balanced level of privacy. The justification for this claim shows how the rights of individuals is a must, within the American society, compared to the national security of the country’s territory andRead MoreDubais Political and Economic Development: Essay38738 Words   |  155 Pagesmake money. Although lowpaying jobs hammering steel and cleaning floors may not sound very appealing, they attract numerou s Indian and Pakistani workers because they can make more money performing these tasks in Dubai than they can in their home countries, where jobs of any kind are often ~ c a r c e Similarly, Westerners who work in management positions for .~ multinationals corporations located in Dubai s free trade zones are lured by financial incentives such as high wages and tax breaks. As oneRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pages.Olivier Boureau Jason Bohle 97 99 101 104 106 V. three accomplishments Anonymous Anonymous Martin Brand Anonymous Anonymous Scott Griffin Daniel Lewis 113 117 121 124 128 132 136 vi Contents Dale Schilling Erik Johnson 140 143 Vi. setback or failUre Chris Withers Eugenia Gibbons John Richard Craig Ellis Irfhan Rawji Thomson Nguy Anonymous Jordan Burton 150 152 154 157 159 161 163 165 Vii. ethical issUes Anonymous PaulYeh Rye Barcott Anonymous Adam Heltzer Anonymous Anonymous 171Read MoreRisk Mitigation Using Joint Venture Agreement in the Upstream Petroleum Industry15328 Words   |  62 PagesBASIN BLOCK 16: AN EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION JOINT VENTURE† 2.11.1 Structure of the Joint Venture 2.11.2 Venture related Risks 2.11.3 Exploration amp; Production/ Conoco Corporation’s Withdrawal 2.11.4 Economic, Financial amp; Political Setbacks 2.11.5 YPF South America Intervention 2.11.6 Learning Highlights Chapter 3 Data, Methodology amp; Modelling 3.1 Introduction 3.2 General Parameters 3.3 Field Parameters 3.4 Methodology 3.4.1 Scenario 1 (NOC amp; Investor) 3.4.2 Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesservice purchase, he or she tells six other potential buyers. In contrast, a dissatisfied consumer informs 25 other potential buyers. That is the leverage of quality in shaping consumer sentiment, which is vital in powering the two-thirds of the American economy that is consumer-driven. Therefore, as companies again go back to the business basics, this is a reminder of the most fundamental of those basics: Company managers need to recognize that a business’s income comes from its customers, not fromRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesIndustry – global forces at work in the ethical pharmaceutical industry. TUI – competitive forces in the travel industry. HiFi – how can small players survive changing markets? Amazon (B) – latest developments in a successful dot.com. Formula One – developing the capabilities for competitive success in a hi-tech industry. Manchester United – clash of expectations in the football world. Salvation Army – strategic challenges for a global not-for-profit organisation with a mission. Bayer MS – corporate

Outline Of Grendel And The Green Knight - 1013 Words

Outline Grendel and the Green Knight I. Introduction II. Grendel’s Malicious Ways a. Why He Does What He Does b. Grendel’s Demise c. Symbol Grendel Wishes To Represent III. Green Knight’s Ways a. The Challenge at Hand b. Results of the Conflict c. Sir Gawain’s Repentance of Shame IV. The Unseen Pattern a. Beowulf’s Lesson? b. Sir Gawain’s Lesson c. Who gets more out of the Journey? V. Conclusion Russ Williams 19 September 2015 Dr. Daniel Pigg Out of Class Essay #1 Grendel and the Green Knight After going over the tales and the moral of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and the herculean tales of the legendary Beowulf, the process of discovering brought out the interesting characteristics and actions of the antagonists of both of these tales. These antagonists seemed to have at least some form or way of trying to make a point or statement to a group of people or just one person. For example, in Beowulf, Grendel was hinted at being related to the devil after his bloodthirsty hunt of trying to eliminate the people of Heorot and even trying to kill Beowulf after being lead to all the noise from his nest. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the Green Knight had put Sir Gawain to the test to see if Sir Gawain was the â€Å"worthy† knight that King Arthur and the Round Table had made Gawain to be after he was able to chop off the Green Knight’s head in front of everyone during Christmas time. This essay will talk about what they have in c ommon and what they represent in theirShow MoreRelatedComparing Beowulf And Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesone value loyalty? Among the many values of the Anglo-Saxons, such as bravery, truth, and honor, above them all stands loyalty. Through an archetypal analysis, one may view how two major works of the Middle Ages, Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, both reflect attributes of loyalty, specifically the testing of one’s loyalty and the consequences of disloyalty, which reflect the behavior and values shared by the Anglo-Saxons and the people of the Late Medieval era. When analyzing loyaltyRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pagesand his hold on life in a world without family or more than term-time security; and we know that Voldemort himself was abandoned by his Muggle father in childhood when he found out that his wife was a witch. But he is also the alien, the monster Grendel outside the feast hall, the creature of night whose one thought is to let me rip you ... let me tear you ... let me kill you ... (Chamber, 92). Voldemort is the culmination of the portrayals of malice and threat to identity in earlier 1990s fantasy

Touch of Evil Abuse of Power and Corruption in the Police Force Free Essays

James Temple Coms 356 Paper on Lighting I believe an important theme of Touch of Evil is the abuse of power and corruption in the police force. The film follows detectives as they try and find out who planted dynamite in a car which blew up. Detective Hank Quinlan shows up on the scene and has a feeling that the dynamite was planted by someone on the Mexican side. We will write a custom essay sample on Touch of Evil: Abuse of Power and Corruption in the Police Force or any similar topic only for you Order Now Detective Quinlan is a corrupt detective who does anything he can to drag evil doers to justice. His fellow officers awe him and his reputation to take justice into his own hands. Detective Quinlan can be both a good and evil guy. In the first example, Chiaroscuro lighting is used to darken Hank Quinlan’s face. This lighting shows how Quinlan is an evil individual who gets what he wants. This lighting is of low key since it is hard to see Quinlan’s face. To the right of Quinlan is one of the Mexican mob men and Susan with light shining on them coming from the right side of the screen. This light is of high key and high contrast. The light is shining on Susan as if this scene wants to show us how she is good and that she is just an innocent bystander. On the face of Hank is a stern look which gives him a sinister appearance that he’ll do anything to obtain justice. The Mexican mob guy is standing there with his hands up with light shining all over him as to say that he is a good guy and hasn’t done anything wrong but we know that this isn’t the case. In the second example, we have light shining on Hank Quinlan and Ramon Vargas. Here the lighting is of high key and high contrast. This is picture is when Quinlan tells Vargas that the dynamite has been in this box, but Vargas tells him that he just looked in the box and it wasn’t in there before. Vargas’ face is lit showing that he is of innocence and is a good guy. On the other hand Quinlan has his hat on which cast a little shadow over his eyes showing that he is evil. We can tell that Quinlan is up to something and that it was most likely him who put the dynamite stick in the box. Detective Quinlan has a lot of power and he uses it to the fullest. [pic] Example 1 [pic] Example 2 How to cite Touch of Evil: Abuse of Power and Corruption in the Police Force, Essay examples

The Merchant of Venice, Shylock Victim or Villain Essay Example

The Merchant of Venice, Shylock: Victim or Villain Paper The Merchant of Venice was probably written in either 1596 or 1597, after such early plays such as Romeo Juliet and Richard III but before the great tragedies of Shakespeares later life. The Merchant of Venice is an intriguing drama of love greed, and in some aspects racism but most importantly revenge. The cross dressing heroine and the Italian location makes it similar to earlier comedies but the characters of Shylock and Portia Shakespeares first great heroine, elevate it to the first rank of his plays. (Internet: www.shakespeare.com) Shylock is a Jewish moneylender in Venice; the Christians have abused him in his city, especially Antonio and his friends. I think that this is partly because Shylock is the only Jew in most of the city. His quest for revenge consumes his cunning one-track mind. (Internet) This makes the audience think whether he is a victim? Or whether he is a villain? In my essay I will be looking for this and supporting my ideas with evidence from quotes from the text. Shylock is a very different character from the others because of his religion, beliefs, and the way he dresses and other characters like Antonio think that he is a target for them to pick on and be nasty and mean to him because of his creed, Shylock tells us some of the names Antonio has called him and also the way he has treated him: You call me a misbeliever (1:3:33:108 We will write a custom essay sample on The Merchant of Venice, Shylock: Victim or Villain specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Merchant of Venice, Shylock: Victim or Villain specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Merchant of Venice, Shylock: Victim or Villain specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Cut dog-throat (1:3:33108) Spit upon my Jewish gabardine (1:3:33:109) These three quotes are a real insult to Shylock by the first quote Antonio cannot judge how much Shylock believes in his religion, or if he even follows the rules of his religion that is up to Shylock to decide. What is even worse is that Antonio refers to him as a dog this has terribly offended Shylock because Jews think that dogs are not sacred animals and that the devil lives inside them. Also Antonio refers to his clothing and the way he dresses and Antonio disrespects the way Shylock dresses because none of the Christians wear a gabardine. This makes me feel sorry for Shylock for the reason that he doesnt deserve to be treated in that way. The worst thing is that it is not only verbal racism but also physical too. The audience during Shakespeares time would have found the spitting quite hilarious since they would not witness someone spewing on their enemy. Later on in the play you will find that it is not only Antonio that is felonious towards Shylock it is also Lorenzo: Faithless Jew (2:4:63:37) Lorenzo refers to Shylock as if he is not a devoted Jew. We can interpret this in two different ways, firstly being just that he doesnt have faith in his religion so that is why he is a Faithless Jew. Or others could interpret it by thinking how can he be a Jew if he doesnt have faith or if he doesnt believe in his religion how can he be a Jew. Shakespeare has put to opposite words faithless and Jew in one sentence in the above quote, this is called an oxymoron, Shakespeare does this to make the sentence stand out and also to make us feel sorry for Shylock; that is exactly what it does do it makes us sympathise for Shy lock and it makes us think why does he have to go through all of this, but that is how nows audience would feel but back in Shakespearian time when the play was written and performed the audience would have loved this sort of thing they would almost certainly find this humorous and pleasant, but then again they only thought of it as a play. In these four above quotes I think that Shylock is a victim because of the way Antonio and Lorenzo have treated him. It makes me wonder what do they achieve by making fun of other peoples religion and lifestyle? Why do they do this? Do they find it fun? But what they dont think about is how the other person feels, maybe Shylock should treat them the same way they have treated him so that they would know what it is like to be treated in that way. When this play was acted out in front of a Shakespearian audience they would have hissed, mocked and booed him as soon as he stepped foot on the stage they had no consideration what so ever but in this day and age nobody does this because it is a sign of racism. Antonio asks Shylock for 3000 Ducats to lend to Bassanio, Bassanio needs this money to impress Portia she is the girl he has fallen in love with it was love at first sight basically. Portia comes from a rich and wealthy family her father has just died and in his will he has written that Portia must marry who ever chooses the right casket. So anyway Bassanio is not rich and nor does he come from a rich or wealthy family so this is why he needs the money. Shylock agrees to lend the money to him as long as he has a guarantee; in this case his guarantor is Antonio this means that if Bassanio cannot pay the money back on time then Antonio must pay the money back to Shylock but as we all know Shakespeares plays always have a twist of some sort in them heres the twist to this one, well if both Antonio and Bassanio do not pay the money back on time Shylocks guarantee is that: An equal pound of your fair fleshin whatever part of your body pleaseth me (1:3:147-148) The first impression that I get from this quote is that can Shylock actually be this mean to Antonio, okay, Antonio has been mean to him but there is no need to go this far and put someones life at risk. The least he could do is give Antonio a chance if he doesnt pay the money back in time, anyway Antonio knows that his ships will come back from sea a day before he owes the money to Shylock. So he also agrees to the bond, Bassanio gives Antonia a chance to back out but Antonio says but not in so many words, no its alright I am your friend and what are friends for, and he agrees to the bond. Well I suppose other people would say it is because Antonio is calling him names and offending his religion so why should Shylock have to put up with it because Antonio isnt respectful just because Shylock is the only Jew in the trade. So Shylock thinks that this is his opportunity to get his own back on Antonio for every thing he has ever said or done to Shylock. This makes Shylock look like a villain because if you think about films the baddies always have to get their own back on the victim and this is what is happening here. Also if you have noticed that Antonio and Shylock have switched roles of victim and villain. Then again some people might think that he is only doing this because Antonio has called him names so why cant he go through the same pain as Shylock, they might also say that it is not fair if Antonio can bully Shylock and Shylock copes with it and doesnt do anything about it and Antonio gets away with it, so Shylock should get his back and make him suffer. Bassanio Antonio and Shylock all sign and agree with the bond. What makes things worse is the fact that he is the only person in the trade who charges interest but in this case he is not charging interest because Antonio says to him it is not in the nature of friendship to take interest on money lent to a friend so Shylock says well I am your friend and the quote he uses to tell Antonio that he is not going to charge interest is: And take no doit of usance for my money (1:3:35:136-137) So now Shylock is being all nice again and not charging interest but this might be because of the bond that they have agreed to, Shylock has probably already thought about it before and he almost certainly thinks that the guarantee is a substitute for the bond Shakespeare also uses a simile which Antonio speaks about, it is referring to Shylock as villain:- An evil soul producing holy witness is like a villain with a smiling cheek This simile I think is very effective because Antonio is saying that Shylock is evil, but on the outside to everyone else he seems nice, helpful and good. He shows that he is a holy person and doing good for people, maybe praying, he could be a priest, for example but his intentions are not so good, portraying something different, maybe the way he acts on the outside but deep down inside he is evil. He is Evil by doing bad deeds; he only cares about himself and his money, as we will find out. Later in the play Jessica who is Shylocks daughter is planning to run away from home with Lancelot. Lancelot used to be Shylocks worker but he quit to go and work with Bassanio but we dont know why. Was it because Shylock was mean? Who knows, but I think that if his own daughter wants to run away from home, then there must be something wrong with him. Was he mistreating her? Was he ashamed of her? Was he neglecting her? To be ashamed to be fathers child (2:3:17) I am sorry thou Wilt leave my father (2:3:1) There must definitely be something wrong with Shylock, because Jessica is ashamed to be his daughter. She is also planning to change her religion to Christianity because she loves Lancelot so much and wants to marry him. Jessica wants to have less to do with Shylock as possible, and wants to end the relationship with him. Become a Christian and thy loving wife (2:3:21) But later on Jessica tells Bassanio, Salerio, and Portia that she overheard her father talking to Tubal and Chus who are also Jewish, he was telling them how much he would prefer Antonios flesh than twenty times as much sum of money owed. Rather have Antonios flesh than twenty times the value of the sum he did owe him (3:2:287-288) This is really showing that he is a villain, but even if he said it the other way round, people would still think that he is greedy and all he ever cares about is his money and how much wealth he possesses. The 3 months have ended and Antonio hasnt succeeded to pay back Shylocks money, because all his ships have been shipwrecked whilst out at sea. Bassanio receives a letter from Antonio; he sends his sends his final regards, saying how happy he was that Bassanio and Portia have at last got engaged. He then goes on and says his final farewells, at this point Bassanio feels sorry for him and he thinks that this is all his fault: The paper as the body of my friends (3:2:264) This quote is saying that a pathetic little bond written on some paper is costing him Antonios life. This quote is also a metaphor because how can a bit of paper be your body it cant, it is impossible, and Shakespeare uses this to express that the quote means that the paper is responsible for Antonios life. Shylock has been to the government to change the law because he wants his rights also before this scene he has a bit of anger to let out because Salerio says to Shylock oh if Antonio doesnt pay you back the money youre not really going to take a pound of his flesh are you? This really set the spark to the fire: Feed my revenge (3:1:50) Shakespeare has used some personification because you cant really feed revenge can you? This means that Shylock has been through a lot and now he wants to get his revenge, the word feed meaning like without food nobody can live so he is saying it keeps Antonio alive to pick on people this makes him look as if he is a villain. He laughed at my loses mocked at my gains scorned my nation, thwarted my bargains. (3:1:51-53) This is a very strong part of his speech because he is once again telling us how Antonio has been treating Shylock and as we can see he has been racist, insulting he has teased and has humiliated him, so in a way I think that Shylock has a right to do something to Antonio but I wouldnt go as far as killing him it is not even worth it. Cooled my friends, heated mine enemies (3:1:53-54) Shakespeare has used two types of technique in one sentence firstly he has used an oxymoron which means he uses the two words with opposite meanings, in this quote the oxymorons are Cooled and Heated. Secondly being a metaphor, because you cant really cool or heat friends and enemies. It is like saying you have even turned people who are my friends against me, you have been spreading rumours about me. Whats his reason? I am a Jew. (3:1:54) This is a rhetorical question, which is a question but instead of someone else answering it you answer it yourself, Shakespeare has used this several times in this speech, it makes the speech more effective and emotive and it made me feel sorry for Shylock because he is so angry at Antonio and then Salerio has to just go and stir it up even more, it also makes us the audience think what he is going through and the next few lines are very strong and powerful. When I saw the second version of this specific speech he said it with anger and rage and you could tell that he was hurt inside because of his body language and the way he moved his hands you could tell that he was frustrated, the audience then wouldnt have taken much notice of his feelings they would most probably be laughing. Hath not a Jews hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions? (3:1:54-56) In this quote Shylock is trying to express his feelings he is saying although I am a Jew I still have a heart and some soft touches and I am just as sensitive just like everyone else, I am no different, I am still made up of the same organs as you. These are rhetorical devices that Shakespeare has used to emphasize the point. If you prick us do we not bleed? If you tickle us do we not laugh? If you poison us do we not die? (3:1:60-62) The word prick I think resembles hurtful words because it then goes on to talk about bleeding this is symbolising pain and how upset he his. Shylock then compares this with having fun, which is when you laugh, and he compares the name calling to poison and how after a while when you have been teased and so much you just get sick of it and then you try to ignore it but what is worse you sometimes wish that you werent alive. Now Shylock ask some rhetorical questions: If a Jew wrong a Christian what is his humility? Revenge (3:1:64-65) If a Christian wrong a Jew what should his sufferance be by Christian example? Why revenge (3:1:65-67) In this speech of Shylock, Shakespeare has used a lot of techniques this is all done to make more effective and the way he has sometimes used If and You which are second person pronouns that directly address to the audience or it could be that he is talking about a group of Jews. I think that Shakespeare was talking to the audience because it makes them more involved and they would probably cheer, boo or hiss. The audience during Shakespeares time would have been a lot more different than to days audiences, the audience today are more considerate and sympathetic, where as Shakespeares audiences wouldnt have been sympathetic towards Shylock instead they would laugh, snigger and giggle at him. I think that this makes Shylock look like a victim and it makes us feel sorry for him, because the way Shakespeare has worded Shylocks speech, but then again some people might think that the last line spoils it and makes him look like a villain: The villainy you teach me I will execute. (3:1:67-68) The reason why Shylock takes Antonio to court is because he wants his bond and he doesnt want to break his promise. In the version of the court that we watched Shylock looked very plain and he was dressed scruffily he didnt look that religious neither. He doesnt look aggressive in fact he looks very humble. The duke is being bias towards Shylock: Which is a pound of this poor merchants flesh (4:1:21) The first time Shylock speaks in the court scene is when he is very proud of himself and he seems as though he is a victim but he is a villain, looks can be very deceiving. He says that he is going to stick to the bond and he will not change his mind. He could change his mind if he wanted to but he is just being stubborn. Antonio is still offending Shylock in court as well because he refers to him as a Jew His Jewish heart (4:1:80) Shylock says: The pound of flesh which I demand of himtis mine and I will have it (4:1:99-100) When Shylock finishes saying this line he begins to sharpen his knife on his shoe, to get ready to cut Antonios flesh, and he look very sly and evil as he does this. Nerissa and Portia enter the courtroom looking like men; this is an example of dramatic irony this when the audience knows something that most or all of the characters dont know. In this case the audience knows that Nerissa and Portia are dressed up as a men but the characters think that they are men not Nerissa and Portia. Gratiano calls Shylock: Inexecrable dog (4:1:128) This is an another insult referring to his religion, but at this point I dont particularly feel sorry for him because it is his own fault now, he could have broken the bond and ended it all but he wanted to get his own back on Antonio. Portia refers to Christian faith and tells Shylock that if he is merciful to other people the will be merciful to him and so will God. The deeds of mercy (4:1:201) Later in the scene Portia reads out points from the bond and says that the piece of flesh has to be taken out nearest to the heart. This makes Shylock look like a villain and we feel more sympathetic for Antonio because he is probably going to die unless Shylock breaks the deal. Shylock has to take exactly a pound of flesh in one go no more and no less: nor cut thou less nor more But just a pound of flesh (4:1:325) Portia asks Shylock whether or not she is allowed to get a surgeon to look after Antonios wound after you have cut him. Shylock reads through the bond and says no it is not in the bond so you cannot have a surgeon. tis not in the bond (4:1:261) Portia is a really determined girl she is not going to give up until Antonio is free. She has got a question ready to argue every point. Later she argues the fact that in the bond it doesnt mention a word about blood, so Portia refers to this and says to Shylock that in the bond there is nothing about blood, so therefore you must take a pound of flesh out of Antonio without even a drop of blood. This bond doth give thee here no jot of blood , the words expressly are a pound of flesh' (4:1:304-305) After hearing this Shylock begins to change his mind because it is impossible to take out flesh without blood so he takes up the offer for 9000 Ducats and he will let Antonio live: I take this offer then; pay the bond thrice and let the Christian go. (4:1:318 -319) So now at least Antonio is off the hook but what is Shylocks punishment for breaking the bond: for one half goods I am content the other half in use to render it upon his death This is what Antonio says so Antonio gets half of what Shylock already has and the other half will go to his daughter and on his funeral. He has to become a Christian everything that is under his possession shall go to Lancelot his son in law and his daughter: He presently become a Christian (4:1:386) Allpossessed unto his son Lorenzo and his daughter (4:1:385-389) In the version of the play we watched when Shylock exits the stage permanently you hear a long wail and at this point I felt so sorry for Shylock because he has to change his religion, he has given everything that he has got away either to Antonio the government or his daughter even his house, he has got now where to go or live this is very upsetting and at the end of the play he is a victim. I dont think that Shakespeare is racist but the audience during his time were because they were not as understanding as us. They thought that, yeah, he is a different religion we wont talk to him he seems a bit weird or he is not the same as us. But today we are willing to bring this issues out into the world an debate or discuss them even though some people are still racist but that will always will be there it is not going to go away in a day or two it depends on the person. If I was a director of the play I would make Shylock look more religious and make him into a person who stands up for himself and who cares for people, he would be a very strong character but I would still include he issues of religion and racism because it makes the play more realistic and it shows people that every one was equal. As for Antonio I would make him a lot more caring but at the same time sly and evil but as well as that he would have to face a big change in his lifestyle as well as Shylock. In some parts of this play I thought that Shylock was a victim and in others I thought that he was a villain because of the bond but if that werent in it then he wouldnt be a villain because Antonio would always be abusing him and picking on him. Antonio was always switching places with Shylock because sometimes when Shylock was a victim he would be a villain and when he was a villain Shylock would be a victim.

Tribal inference essay

Tribal inference essay The language of a people is mostly a representation of how the respective people view their world and interpret their experiences. The structure of a people’s language can therefore be used to make inferences about their unique ways of life therefore providing a means by which we can reconstruct the life of a civilization. In this paper, I shall attempt to reconstruct the life of a lost tribe, the Amiable people. The Amiable people civilization has just recently been discovered by archaeologists. The reconstruction efforts shall be achieved by analyzing some words that linguistic anthropologists have highlighted as characterizing the societys language. I shall use these linguistic characteristics as a basis for making plausible claims about the tribe. Although it is impossible to pinpoint the exact geographical location that the Amiables lived, their language sheds some light as to the nature of the land that the tribe may have occupied. It is probable that the tribe lived in a plain or prairie region. Their words for describing the terrain of their land are limited to absolutely flat, rolling, and slightly hilly. It is therefore quite unlikely that the tribe lived in a mountainous region as their language does not accommodate words for such terrains.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tribal inference essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The fact that the tribe also has a dozen terms for grains including eight for wheat alone also suggests that the tribe was extensively involved in wheat farming. This further reinforces the possibility that the tribe was from the plains and prairies since these are the areas in which wheat farming thrives. It is possible that the Amiable’s lived deep inland as their language lacks a term for â€Å"ocean.† Their lack of a word for â€Å"fish† also hints that they did not live near any large water bodies as it is inconceivable that any costal tribe would fail to engage in fishing as an economic activity. From the Amiables language, we find that they had several words for precipitation with most translating as rain and only one meaning snow. One might suggest from these that their climate was characterized by regular rains and snow falls were only periodically phenomena. The Amiables language offers us some valuable insight into the type of foods that the tribe may have consumed. The prevalence of words for grain in their language might be a possible indication that grains, and particularly wheat, was the staple food of the people. In as much as their language gives a positive indication that these people reared animals such as cows, pigs and sheep, there is no indication that the tribe utilized these animals for meat or hide. For example, their language lacks words that translate to â€Å"beef,† â€Å"pork,† â€Å"veal,† or â€Å"leather,† despite having words such as â€Å"cow,† â€Å"pig,† and â€Å"sheep.† This could be an indication that the Amiables did not kill the animals for food or hide. It is therefore a plausible assumption that the Amiables were a vegetarian people. However, there it is possible that the Amiables might have used the animals for other means that did not involve killing them e.g. cows for their milk or sheep for their wool since it would be preposterous to concede that they kept these animals as pets. All this is however speculative as we do not have a full inventory of their language. From the language of the Amiables, it can be proposed that great value was placed on the family. The word woman is synonymous with wife and mother to the Amiables and the term man is synonymous with husband and father.Advertising Looking for essay on anthropology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is therefore evident that to the tribe, the woman was primarily viewed as a wife and mother to the children and the man as a husband and father of the children. These fusions of the terms (man and woman) with terms related to a family life suggest that the Amiables placed great value on the family which was made up of a man and a woman. The language of the Amiables contains many terms for children some of which translate as wise small one innocent leader and little stargazer. One can conclude from this that children were highly regarded by the Amiables. This supposition is further advanced by the fact that the Amiables had seven terms to describe the stages of life up to puberty (which marks the end of childhood) and only one term to describe life henceforth to death. It can therefore be speculated that the family of these tribe was centered on the children. Sex was primarily used for procreation and their term for sex translates as to plant a wise one, therefore underscoring the procreative role that sex played to the Amiables as well as the reverence with which children were held. The Amiable tribe was a literate and educated people. This can be deduced from the many words that the tribe had for books which implies a great exposure by the tribe to books. It is therefore possible that great emphasis was placed on a formal education that resulted in the ability to read by the population. One might also concede that this people were well cultured and had an inclination to the artistic works. For example, the Amiables had nine words for artist which suggests that there were a number of people engaged in arts. The presence of four words for theatre also suggests that there were numerous artistic presentations such as plays and songs that the general population went to watch in the theatres. The social construct of the Amiables was based on communal leadership. This is evident from the fact that the tribe had several words for leaders but all in the plural form. This suggest that in as much as the tribe relied on strong and effective leadership to steer the tribe to success, the leadership role was not placed in the hands of one person but rather collective responsibility was encouraged. The Amiables were also non-violent as can be illustrated from the lack of a word for violent conflict or war in their language. They preferred to resolve their conflicts diplomatically instead of engaging in war. For this reason, the people who could act as reconcilers were held in high esteem as is suggested from the Amiables term of praise translating to peacemaker and conciliator.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Tribal inference essay specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper set out to reconstruct the life of the Amiable civilization by analyzing their language. It has been discovered that the Amiables were a peaceful and learned people who placed high value on family and their children. What is admirable about this people to me is that they realized that leadership in the hands of one person can corrupt and therefore took to collective leadership. Their cultural standards were also impressive as is suggested by their artistry. However, the data provided is not sufficient to conclusively reconstruct interesting facets of their lives such as their economic activities and exactly how the tribe resolved its disputes diplomatically thus averting the use of violence. Such information would be precious to our civilization which can no doubt borrow a lot from the Amiables.

MBA Essay Editing

MBA Essay Editing MBA Essay Editing MBA Essay Editing To get an MBA admission you need to stand out from the crowd as you impress the admissions committee with your wellrounded personality and ability to multi-task. But the last and most important step consists of MBA Essay Editing. While doing some MBA Essay Editing read through your essay to gauge if it exhibits some clear thinking. Clarity of thought will lead to clarity of purpose so put down: Your goals Your attributes through which you can achieve them The things that motivate you in life Once you have written your essay you still have the vital step of MBA Essay Editing to go through before your essay can reach the completed and polished stage. This is when you need to check and recheck the ideas and text for any flaws as well as mistakes. What is MBA Essay Editing? Editing consists of checking what you have written for Grammar and Spelling mistakes. You can do this by using a ruler under each line to assure accuracy. These are the things to watch out for while MBA Essay Editing: Have I spelled all the words correctly? Is my grammar flawless? Have I read and reread my essay till I am completely satisfied with the outcome? Are the subjects and verbs in agreement with each other? Does every sentence have a subject? Have I stuck in the right tense? Is there a logical flow and a proper progression of ideas? Are my ideas and thoughts clearly written and easy to follow? Do I have a strong thesis statement that is validated by the rest of the essay and re-enforced in the conclusion? Does my essay have a beginning, middle and an end: Will my essay hold the attention of my reader? MBA Essay Editing Help Proof reading and MBA Essay Editing can seem like a chore but it can make all the difference to the quality of your essay. You may have written a brilliant paper but clumsy English and faulty spellings can just about ruin it. One thing you have to keep in mind though is NOT to edit when you are fatigued. Always take a break after writing your paper and then start on the editing stage when you are refreshed. Also, remember to use spell-check as a part of your editing process-but remember not to rely on it 100% since even spell-checks can go wrong sometimes and may not show up a spelling error even when there is one. After careful planning and MBA Essay Editing you are bound to get the grades that you are looking for. Read also: Assignments Online Writing English Coursework Sociology Coursework Help Religious Coursework Religion Coursework

An Investigation of Role and Importance of Trust in Establishing Literature review

An Investigation of Role and Importance of Trust in Establishing Online retail Relationship in Fashion Sector - Literature review Example Trust is regarded as the chief strategic asset of a firm when it aims to bring about operational changes subjected to market uncertainness (Park and Srinivasan, 1999). It is perceived to be the central constituent in professional relationships. The value and meaning of trust have changed over time, but its intrinsic outcomes remain beneficial. Organizational scholars provide great importance to the issues of trust. The issues are legitimated by the changes in economic exchange relations, organizations forms and social societal structure (Bijlsma and Koopman, 2003). Tom Tyler (1996) had stated that trust factor is imperative for organizational success. Trust existing within the workplaces of an organization helps to create voluntary-corporation among the workers. The performance and productivity level of an organization considerably depends on the extent of cooperation among the workers. Gradual changes in societies and organizations have enhanced the importance of the matters relating to trust (Parker, 2012). Trust is considered as a solution to specific risk-related problems arising between different individuals. Trust within organizations is mandatory for motivating professional associations and driving rapid business imp rovement. Experts are of the opinion that strategic cooperation and collaboration between different firms become easier with the presence of trust between them (Hahn and Kim, 2009). The attitudes of the employees within workplaces are also determined by the same. Employee satisfaction from jobs and their commitment towards work tasks are largely influenced by their trust towards the firm. Brand value of a company in the market is largely dependent on the stakeholder's trust towards the same. Researchers point out that satisfaction derived by the consumers from the consumption of goods or services of a company is directly proportional to their trust towards the same (Winch and Joyce, 2006).

Forensic Accounting Review Questions (Easy) Essay

Forensic Accounting Review Questions (Easy) - Essay Example Either the management or the accounting team are the most prone to engaging in these acts. Lack of business ethics and personal morals are the breeding grounds for these fraudulent activities. It has been clear that individuals engage in fraudulent activities because of diverse motivations and stimulations. When it comes to revenue fraud, the likelihood is for the company to overstate and understate various parameters, we found that this is done by manipulating the sales, recognition of conditional sales, sale of consignments, misstatement of the percentage of completion, abusing of the cut off dates, unauthorized shipment and premature recognition of revenue. Concerning the same issue of revenue, the collusion by the fraudsters can result to situations such as understatement of bad debts, overstatement of ending inventories, overstatement of the assets’ worth, and understatement of the liabilities among other dubious means. All these aspects are under the motivation of the ne ed to cover up mistakes or misrepresentation of the financial position of the company. The knowledge acquired is very helpful to my future employer and me as an individual. In the workplace, we have diversity of people, some of whom can manipulate situations to their advantage. It is important to aware of what is ethical in the workplace in order to avoid being trapped on such situations. Sometimes the management may coerce an employee to engage in a fraudulent activity, without such knowledge one is likely to commit fraud unknowingly. Another thing is that lessons learnt stirred my curiosity in understanding business law; it has prompted me to start engaging this area since it can easily result to personal and organizational damages. In addition, it has opened my mind to the understanding business of dynamics, including the manipulations that are likely to be made in order to misrepresent information for a particular organization. The group was very influential in the understanding of the topic. I participated in the group activity by handling the section that I was assigned to research on and went ahead to help in the report writing. The group members were very cooperative hence facilitating timely achievement of results. I also presented a fraudulent case scenario that enhanced the understanding of the topic. The case had featured in one of the local dailies; it helped us relate very well what we learnt in class. Each member of the group completed the task assigned to them on time hence the ability of the group to finish the project on time. Despite the many lessons learnt some of the topic areas were challenging and presented some level of difficult. During the lecture sessions I found difficult in understanding the legal provisions of that are related to fraudulent activities. However, after extensive and repetitive reading I was able to comprehend the sub-topic. Question 2 Fraudulent activities are not easily identified, it is highly unlikely that a frau dulent activity will be realized unless the parties involved leak information or some auditing system unearths it. These are the likely means through which tips come along, without which it may be impossible to recognize a fraudulent activity. I do not think a fraudulent activity is recognized in the first instance. The high level of secrecy that is involved hampers the process of

Developing a Blue Ocean Strategy

Developing a Blue Ocean Strategy Introduction Currently many companies have to face the challenge of competing with steadily increased competition in their industries. This high amount of competition often leads to a high cost and price pressure which usually results in low margins for the companies. These markets are called the red oceans. One possibility to break out of these red oceans and to increase the margins for the company can be handled by creating a Blue Ocean. Such a Blue Ocean is a market space where the competition is irrelevant. Aim The aim of this paper is to explain how to create such a Blue Ocean and to discuss the degree of novelty of the Blue Ocean strategy. On the one hand this will be done by explaining the belonging theory. On the other hand two cases of innovative companies will be described and analyzed on basis of the Blue Ocean strategy. Blue Ocean Strategy Concept The market set is divided into two categories which are called oceans: Blue Oceans and red oceans. Red oceans are the known market space as it exists today, with all the various industries. Competitive rules are defined and barriers are clear and accepted. Competition exists among players to gain a bigger share; the more players are on the market, the fewer prospects for profit and growth is existent. Cutthroat competition turns the red ocean bloody.  [3]   Blue Oceans on the other hand represent the opposite they are the unknown market space with industries that are not existent today. Demand is not created by competitive rivalry, because the rules of the game are yet to be set. There is substantial opportunity for profitable growth because of the deep potential of market space that is not yet explored.  [4]   To be successful in economic performance most companies are laying the focus on competitive strategies, plenty of enthusiasm is spend on analyzing and outperforming rivals. Using the vocabulary of the authors their focus is on red ocean strategies. In the future this will not be enough to survive; in addition to swim in a red ocean companies need to create Blue Oceans.  [5]  The following image illustrates the major differences between red and Blue Oceans. Image 1: Comparison of Red Ocean with Blue Ocean strategy  [6]   Value Innovation The basis of the Blue Ocean Strategy is called Value Innovation. Competition is made irrelevant by creating value for both buyers and the company. Buyer value is created by the benefit and price that the company offers to the consumer; value to the company is created from the price and its cost structure therefore only if those two variables are aligned the strategy works. The innovation of a product/ service must create value for the market and eliminate features that are not valued by the current market. New and uncontested market space is made accessible by simultaneously differentiate and reducing costs. This strategy is contrary to common management strategies which propose that companies can either create value to customers at higher costs or create reasonable value at lower costs.  [7]  According to the authors Value Innovation is a strategy that embraces the entire system of a companys activities.  [8]  Image 2 illustrates Value Innovation. Image 2: Value Innovation  [9]   Analytical tools and framework There are three basic tools that will help companies to build a Blue Ocean Strategy. The strategy canvas The strategy canvas is a tool that helps to build a Blue Ocean Strategy. It highlights the current situation in the known market space and shows the offering level that buyers receive across several key competing factors. By illustrating these factors in a simple matrix a graphic description in form of a value curve is visible. This value curve shows a companys relative performance within its industrys factors of competition.  [10]  By illustrating the current situation of an industry the strategic focus can be shifted away from current competition to alternatives and noncustomers, a redefinition of the industry can be constructed.  [11]  Image 3 illustrates a strategy canvas with an example of an Airline. Image 3: Strategy Canvas  [12]   The four actions framework This tool uses four key questions to lead to a new value curve: Which of the factors that the industry takes for granted should be eliminated? Which factors should be reduced well below the industrys standard? Which factors should be raised well above the industrys standard? Which factors should be created that the industry has never offered?  [13]   The first two questions give an insight in how to reduce the cost structure in comparison to other players in the industry. Question 3 and 4 give insight into how to lift buyer value and create new demand.  [14]   The eliminate-reduce-raise-create-grid This tool is supplementary to the four actions framework. It gives companies the possibility to act on all four questions answered before to create new value. The four factors of what to eliminate, reduce, raise and create are put in a matrix and by that scrutinize every factor the industry competes on.  [15]   Formulating Blue Oceans strategies Reconstruct market boundaries In order to break away from the competition the first principle is to reconstruct market boundaries. The challenge is to find possibilities of Blue Ocean opportunities. During performing research across various industry sectors the authors found a basic approach to remaking market boundaries, the six path framework.  [16]  This framework is applicable in all kinds of industries and all are based on looking at data from a new perspective. These are the six paths: Path 1: Look across alternative industries Path 2: Look across strategic groups within industries Path 3: Look across the chain of buyers Path 4: Look across complimentary product and service offerings Path 5: Look across functional or emotional appeal to buyers Path 6: Look across time  [17]   By analyzing each of the single paths companies will be able to get an insight into how to open up Blue Oceans by rebuilding market realities and leave behind conventional boundaries of competition.  [18]   Focus on the big pictures, not the numbers The approach to the strategic planning process is based on drawing a strategy canvas, as it is explained in the section of analytical tools and framework of this document. A structured process for developing a strategy canvas has been developed, which is called the Visualizing Strategy.  [19]  As the name implies, this process uses visual stimulation with the purpose to unlock peoples creativity. The main focus here is laid on the big picture rather than on defined numbers and operational details.  [20]   Reach beyond existing demand To achieve a maximization of the size of the Blue Ocean you are creating the focus should be laid on two things: The analysis of non-customers and finding out strong similarities of what buyers value.  [21]  This is a reversed approach to common strategies, where the focus is on customers and customer differences. The three tiers of non customers The challenge is to find out who the non-customers are and get a deep understanding of them. The authors describe three tiers of non-customers that eventually can be transformed into customers. The first tier of non-customers is closest to your market and would stay and increase their frequency of purchases if a leap in value would be offered to them. These non-customers also referred to as soon-to-be.  [22]  The second tier of non-customers is further away from your market and aware of offerings in it but has consciously voted against them. These non-customers are also referred to as refusing.  [23]  The third tier of non-customers is farthest from your market and has never considered its offerings as an option. These non customers are also referred to as unexplored.  [24]   By analyzing each of the three tiers an understanding of the non-customers can be developed to attract them into your market and expand your Blue Ocean.  [25]   Get the strategic sequence right The fourth principle of Blue Ocean Strategy focuses on the challenge to build a sustainable business model that will make profit on your Blue Ocean idea. The idea here is to use sequences and key criteria within a sequence to reduce business model risk.  [26]  Each sequence has a key question that has to be asked. If answered with no the sequence has to be reshaped. If answered with yes one can move on to the next sequence. The four sequences are: Buyer utility: Is there exceptional buyer utility in your business idea? Price: Is your price easy accessible to the mass of buyers? Cost: Can you attain your cost target to profit at your strategic price? Adoption: What are the adoption hurdles in actualizing your business idea? Are you addressing them up front?  [27]   With this sequencing as a starting point further analyzing of strategic pricing, target costing and finally the profit model is developed.  [28]   Executing Blue Ocean Strategy Overcome key organizational hurdles The challenge to execute the strategy of Blue Oceans is significant, since there are changes made from the conventional way of doing things. The authors present four common hurdles in the execution: The cognitive-, political-, motivational- and resource hurdle. Dealing with those challenges in form of hurdles with tipping point leadership is the key to make Blue Ocean Strategy happen in action.  [29]   Build execution into strategy The sixth principle of the Blue Ocean Strategy is about building commitment and trust into the strategy from the start. The focus is laid on a fair process as a key variable that distinguishes successful Blue Ocean Strategy moves from those that failed.  [30]   Case analysis In this section, we intend to describe and analize two cases of innovative companies (Virgin Galactic and Petrobras) based on the Blue Ocean theory. Virgin Galactic Description of Virgin Galactic Virgin Galactic is a company which belongs to the Virgin Group. This group was founded 1970 by Sir Richard Branson and is one of the leading brand venture capital organizations of the world. The group has created more than 300 branded companies in a variety of different industries, employs around 50,000 people and generated revenue of approx. US$ 18 billion in the year 2009.  [31]  Based on them the success of this group derives from the power of the Virgin name, Richard Bransons personal reputation; our unrivalled network of friends, contacts and partners; the Virgin management style; the way talent is empowered to flourish within the group.  [32]   The Virgin Galactic company has the aim of making private space travel available to everyone by creating the worlds first commercial spaceline.  [33]  Virgin Galactic will create, own and operate spaceships, the SpaceShipTwo. To achieve this goal the Virgin Group uses it experiences in aviation, adventure and luxury travel combining with the technology developed by Burt Rutan. The company was founded in the year 2004 and is located in New Mexico. The SpaceShipOne became the first private spaceship with high altitude-flights in the year 2004. The successor of this technology, the SpaceShipTwo, has seats for two pilots and six passengers. Every passenger has to pay US$200.000 with a deposit ofUS$20,000. At the moment 340 passengers have registered for this service.  [34]  So far 450 people have ever been to space, the goal of Virgin Galactic is to take 1,000 people to space within the first year of commercial operation.  [35]  The first commercial flight shall start in the year 2012.  [36]   The mothership of the SpaceShipTwo, the WhiteKnightTwo, will take the SpaceShipTwo to a height of about 16km and then release it. At that point the rockets of the SpaceShipTwo will boost and bring it to a height of about 100km.  [37]  There it will fly for about five minutes in which the passengers have a magnificent view at the earth and can enjoy weightlessness. Afterwards the space ship will decrease the altitude and land at its base in New Texas. The first flying tests of the WhiteKnightTwo were executed successfully and the SpaceShipTwo completed the first manned glide flight in October 2010.  [38]   At current stage the company Blue Origin which is based close to Seattle is also working on a private space ship.  [39]   Analysis of Virgin Galactic The analysis will start by discussing the Value Innovation of Virgin Galactic. So far tourism in space was available for seven specific persons who paid in average US$ 25 million for staying about 14 days at the ISS.  [40]  The clear buyer benefit of Virgin Galactic is to make this tourism available for nearly everybody who can afford paying the US$200,000 which is less than 1% of the price so far. Moreover, these space trips also add value to Virgin Galactic as it will earn US$200,000 for every passenger having already 340 on the waiting list. Virgin Galactic clearly succeeded in creating a Value Innovation. In the following the strategy canvas for Virgin Galactic will be developed to see the value curve in comparison to its competitor the stay at the ISS.  [41]   As principal factors the following was defined: price, safety, request for personal attributes and easy preparation for the trip.  [42]  As seen in image one the Virgin Galactic company enables a much more comfortable and convenient stay as the previous tourism on the ISS. This is also based on the lower requirements a person has to fulfill to be able to execute this tourism and the lower time-investment. Image 4: Strategy Canvas of Virgin Galactic  [43]   Considering the four action framework Virgin Galactic reduced the costs by eliminated the factors that a stay in space has to be combined with a long duration and cost-intensive stay at the ISS and with cost-intensive rocket starts. Furthermore, they created the factor that nearly everybody would be able (from physical requirements  [44]  ) to go to space with a low time-investment and a comparably low amount of money. They increased the convenience of space-tourisms to a very high extent. In conclusion, they managed to dramatically reduce the costs while increasing the perceived value of the passengers which are interested in some minutes of weightlessness and seeing the earth from the space. Virgin Galactic also concentrated on the so called non-customers as the total number of customers was seven so far. They identified the implicit wish of most people to go to space once. Organizational hurdles The cognitive hurdle cannot be applied as Virgin Galactic did not start in a red ocean but directly entered the Blue Ocean with the start of the company. The hurdle resources will probably be not a big burden as the first flying tests went successful, customers on the waiting list already paid close to US$7 million as deposit and Sheikh Mansour invested US$280 million in this business.  [45]  Furthermore, the Virgin Group and the state of New Mexico are supporting this business. The motivation of the employees and managers is high which is also pushed by Richard Branson personal interest in the success of this company.  [46]  The political hurdle could be implemented by making new laws for required safety standards. But already in 2004 the US congress passed a law which allows passengers to fly into space with the understanding that these vehicles might not be as safe as regular airplanes. Furthermore, the governor of New Mexico supports this company  [47]  and the Virgin group has a high political power. In conclusion all the hurdles were passed successfully by Virgin Gallactic. Build execution into strategy From the beginning Richard Branson declared the vision of this company to make private space travel year 2004. Conclusion In final conclusion, Virgin Galactic entered a Blue Ocean from the beginning. It decreased the costs and made space travel available to everyone by creating the worlds first commercial spaceline. Virgin Galactic works towards this clear vision with having the first commercial flights very likely eight years after its foundation in the previous tourism in space and increased the value of it by leveraging especially the convenience for the customers. Moreover, it went beyond known customer space by offering this service for less than 1% of the costs so far. It managed the organizational hurdles and created a strong vision from the start. Although other companies as e.g. Blue Origin try to create space tourisms this ocean is deep blue so far for Virgin Galactic. Petrobras Description of Petrobras Petrobras was established on October 3, 1953 by the president of Brazil, Getà ºlio Vargas, to undertake oil sector activities in the country. In the early 1970s, the members of the Organization of the Oil Exporting Countries (OPEC) rose the international prices substantially, triggering the so-called Oil Shock. As a result, the market was troubled and marked by uncertainty. In order to overcome the difficulties, the Brazilian government adopted economic measures in order to overcome the supply of oil. Some examples of these measures were the encouragement for use of ethanol as automotive fuel and prioritizing offshore exploration and production. With the measures, the government intended to reduce the dependency on importing a very expensive product and to create an industry to create jobs and exports. These tasks where given to Petrà ³leo Brasileiro (Petrobras) for being executed.  [48]   Producing ethanol for powering the nation 1975 marks the beginning of the production of Ethanol by Petrobras in Brazil aiming to drive the large-scale substitution of oil based vehicular fuels for biofuels. Substituting gasoline for ethanol (produced from sugarcane and manioc) led to 10 million fewer gasoline fuel cars running in Brazil, reducing the countrys dependence on imported oil.  [49]   Today Brazil is recognized as the world leader in the production of ethanol for industrial purposes, based on the most advanced agricultural technology for sugarcane cultivation in the world and to the amount of arable land available in the country. In 2010, the Brazilian ethanol produced by Petrobras was designated as one of the most advanced biofuels due to the 61% reduction of green house gas emissions.  [50]   Pioneering in deep waters In 1984 the company discovered one of the biggest reserve in deep water ever registered in the world. The Albacora field was discovered; proving the existence of giant fields nestled at great depth in Brazil. This marked the beginning in deepwater exploration for the company. By 1986 the company, which until then purchased technology, was faced with the challenge of producing oil at a depth of 400 meters. After surveying the market and finding out there was no technology available for this depth, the company decided to invest in developing new technologies. This was an extremely ambitious project, since, at the time, Petrobras had been exploring at depths of 150 meters and had plans for 1000 meters by 1990. This project turned out to be a great success and the company is currently the global leader in this area. By 2005, Petrobras sets the record of drilling depth with a sloped that reached 6915 meters beyond the bottom of the sea.  [51]   Petrobras achieves self sufficiency In 2006 Brazil became a self-sufficient country in oil and gas production. With an average of 1.9 million barrels per day, Brazil went on to exporting more oil and oil products than it imported. It was like a dream came true, only possible because of the technological efforts and dedication of the employees. Since this point, Petrobras is the most profitable company in the Brazilian economy, being recognized as the eighth biggest oil exploring company in the world.  [52]   In the upcoming years, Petrobras intends to invest in using and developing new renewable energy sources. The portfolio of new projects includes wind, solar and water energy sources and fuel hydrogen. The intention is to reduce even more the dependency on oil, delivering the necessary energy sources to Brazil in order to sustain the intended growth of the upcoming years. Analysis of Petrobas Petrobras success can be summed up in one word and that word is innovation. This company faced the challenge of turning one of the biggest countries in the Americas from a big consumer of imported oil to self sufficient in oil and gas production. This strategy was based on focusing on the big picture (producing its own oil and become an exporter of petroleum) rather than finding a temporary solution for importing oil in the 70s, when the biggest crisis of oil prices occurred. Value Innovation They broke away from the competition by reconstructing market boundaries. For each challenge they faced, they were able to create and develop the necessary technology that didnt exist in the market, becoming a leader in deepwater oil drilling. They reached beyond their existing demand by having more oil available than they need for their own consumption. They also created value to the country by reducing the amount of CO2 in 61% emitted by cars and public transportation thanks to the introduction to ethanol and biodiesel. Brazil became a more efficient country thanks to the use of their natural resources for powering the nation. By mixing ethanol with oil, Petrobras has managed to increase the value for customers by creating a reduction of oil prices  [53]  and by guaranteeing the oil supply they reduced the dependency on foreign companies. Strategy canvas We have decided to explain the differences between the two largest producers of Ethanol in the world, Brazil and U.S.A. As we have mentioned before, Petrobras is the only company responsible for the production and distribution of ethanol in Brazil. Image 5: Stragegy Canvas Petrobas  [54]   As we can see in the figure xx, Brazil is the second largest producer of Ethanol in the world (6,500 million gallons in 2009  [55]  ) behind the United States (10,900 million gallons in 2009  [56]  ). But, the total area used by Brazil for cultivating their sugar cane (3.6 million hectares  [57]  by 2006) is far less than the land used by the United States (10 million hectares  [58]  in 2006). This means that the productivity per hectare is superior in Brazil than in the United States. Another important thing to mention is that thanks to the mixture of Ethanol and oil in Brazil, green house gas reduction has been reduced considerably (89%  [59]  ), increasing the value the company gives to their customers. Organizational hurdles The hurdles are based on the theory mentioned in the first section of this project. During the oil crisis of the 70s, the company faced the challenge of completely changing the paradigm of production. In the cognitive hurdle, we can say that the employees understood completely the need of the company and were able to transform the company. In the second hurdle resources, we can say that the company successfully understood that they needed to invest a great amount of resources in RD in order to increase the efficiency of the production of ethanol and also to raise the drilling depth for oil extraction. Motivating employees on a thirty-year-old project has been an enormous challenge for the company. They have managed to succeed by achieving small goals each year, increasing the level of satisfaction and trust towards the leadership of the company. Finally, the political hurdle was managed correctly due to the implications of the transformation project, involving the government, the management and employees of the company. Build execution into strategy As we mentioned before, the strategy was clear from the beginning: Reduce the dependency of oil and turn the country into a self-sufficient country. The facts speak for themselves, the whole company aligned in order to achieve the goal and it is an example on how to implement the Blue Ocean strategy. Conclusion So, why can the strategy of Petrobras be considered a Blue Ocean strategy? First of all they focused on creating value for the country by reducing the amount of oil imported and gaining self-sufficiency. As a consequence, they were able to reduce considerably the prices of gasoline in Brazil and the dependency of external factors to develop the country. They achieved this goal by innovating in ways to reduce consumption of oil (alternative fuels like ethanol and biodiesel) and exploit the potential the country had in its coasts, regardless the technology available at the times. In the last twenty years, Petrobras has become a key player in the success of Brazil to achieve development. The upcoming years for this company look really bright, thanks to the investment they are doing on other alternative means to produce electricity (water, solar and wind), improve the efficiency of alternative fuels and by creating the necessary technology for increa